Perovskite materials are a class of crystalline compounds that have a structure similar to the mineral perovskite. These materials have gained significant attention in the field of materials science and engineering due to their unique properties, such as high efficiency in photovoltaic devices, excellent charge transport properties, and tunable bandgaps. Perovskite materials are being extensively researched for various applications, including solar cells, light-emitting diodes, sensors, and catalysis. The ability to easily tune their chemical composition and structure makes them highly versatile for a wide range of applications. Despite their promising properties, perovskite materials also come with challenges, such as stability issues, toxicity concerns, and scalability for large-scale production. Researchers are actively working to address these challenges and optimize the performance of perovskite materials for practical applications.